When planning a trip, especially to areas where typhoid fever is common, getting vaccinated is an essential step to protect your health. But the question often arises: how long before travelling should you get a typhoid vaccination? In this article, we’ll explore the timing, importance and other critical aspects of typhoid vaccination in layman’s terms to help you make an informed decision.
What is Typhoid Fever?
Typhoid fever is a serious illness caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi. It is typically spread through contaminated food and water. The symptoms of typhoid fever include high fever, stomach pain, headache and loss of appetite. In some cases, it can lead to more severe complications, such as intestinal bleeding or perforation, which can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.
Typhoid Fever Symptoms
The symptoms of typhoid fever usually develop 1-3 weeks after exposure to the bacteria. They often start mildly and worsen over time. Common symptoms include:
- High Fever: A persistent fever that can reach up to 104°F (40°C).
- Headache: A severe and continuous headache.
- Stomach Pain: Discomfort and cramps in the abdominal area.
- Weakness and Fatigue: Feeling extremely tired and weak.
- Loss of Appetite: A significant reduction in the desire to eat.
- Constipation or Diarrhea: Depending on the individual, typhoid can cause either constipation or diarrhoea.
These symptoms can last for weeks and, if untreated, may lead to severe complications. Therefore, it is crucial to seek medical attention if you suspect you have typhoid fever.
Why Is Typhoid Vaccination Important?
Vaccination is one of the most effective ways to prevent typhoid fever, especially if you are travelling to regions where the disease is common. Typhoid is prevalent in areas with poor sanitation and limited access to clean water, such as parts of Asia, Africa and Latin America.
The typhoid vaccine helps your body develop immunity against the Salmonella typhi bacteria, reducing the risk of infection. However, it’s essential to note that the vaccine is not 100% effective, so maintaining good hygiene practices during your travels is still important.
Types of Typhoid Vaccines
There are two main types of typhoid vaccines available:
- Typhoid Injection Vaccine: This is an inactivated vaccine, meaning it contains killed bacteria. It is administered as a single shot, typically in the arm.
- Oral Typhoid Vaccine: This is a live attenuated vaccine, meaning it contains a weakened form of the bacteria. It is taken orally in a series of four capsules over a week.
How Long Before Travel Should You Get Vaccinated?
Timing is crucial when it comes to typhoid vaccination. It’s recommended to get vaccinated at least 1-2 weeks before your departure date. This timeframe allows your body enough time to develop immunity against the bacteria.
Typhoid Injection Vaccine
This vaccine should be administered at least two weeks before travel. This period gives your body the necessary time to build up immunity.
Oral Typhoid Vaccine
Since this vaccine is taken over several days, it’s advisable to start the regimen at least two weeks before travelling. This way, you complete the full course and allow time for immunity to develop.
Duration of Protection
The protection provided by the typhoid vaccine doesn’t last forever, so it’s essential to be aware of how long the vaccine remains effective:
Typhoid Injection Vaccine
The protection from this vaccine generally lasts about two years. After this period, a booster shot is recommended if you continue to travel to high-risk areas.
Oral Typhoid Vaccine
The oral vaccine provides protection for about five years. A booster dose is recommended every five years if you are at ongoing risk of typhoid exposure.
What If You Are Traveling on Short Notice?
If your travel plans are last-minute and you don’t have the recommended 1-2 weeks before departure, it’s still worth getting vaccinated. While the vaccine may not offer complete protection if administered too close to your travel date, it can still provide some level of immunity, which is better than none.
In such cases, it’s also crucial to be extra vigilant about food and water safety during your trip. Avoid consuming raw fruits and vegetables unless you can peel them yourself, drink only bottled or boiled water and steer clear of street food that may not be prepared under hygienic conditions.
Additional Tips to Prevent Typhoid Fever
In addition to vaccination, here are some practical tips to reduce your risk of contracting typhoid fever while travelling:
- Drink Safe Water: Stick to bottled or boiled water. Avoid ice in drinks, as it may be made from contaminated water.
- Eat Safe Food: Only eat food that has been thoroughly cooked and is still hot. Avoid raw or undercooked eggs, meat and shellfish.
- Wash Hands Frequently: Use soap and water or an alcohol-based hand sanitiser, especially before eating or preparing food.
- Avoid Risky Foods: Be cautious with street food and avoid foods that may have been washed in contaminated water, such as salads.
Typhoid Fever Treatment
If you do contract typhoid fever, it’s important to seek medical treatment as soon as possible. Typhoid fever is treated with antibiotics, which can effectively kill the Salmonella typhi bacteria. The choice of antibiotic may depend on the region where the infection was acquired, as drug-resistant strains of the bacteria are common in some areas.
Ready to Protect Your Health Before Your Next Adventure?
Getting vaccinated against typhoid fever before travelling is a critical step in protecting your health. Ideally, you should get vaccinated 1-2 weeks before your trip to allow time for your body to develop immunity. While the vaccine offers protection, it’s also essential to practice good hygiene and be cautious with food and water during your travels.
Book your typhoid vaccination appointment at Touchwood Pharmacy today! Our experienced pharmacists are here to ensure you’re fully prepared for your travels. With convenient locations and flexible scheduling, getting vaccinated has never been easier. Visit our website or contact us now to secure your appointment.
